Diverticulosis. The word might sound unfamiliar or even intimidating, but it’s something that most people will have by the time they reach their golden years. In fact, studies suggest that over 60% of people over the age of 70—and nearly everyone by age 80—develop diverticulosis. So what exactly is it, and should you be worried?
Understanding Diverticulosis
Diverticulosis is a condition that occurs when small, bulging pouches—called diverticula—form in the lining of your digestive system, most commonly in the lower part of the large intestine (the colon). These pouches develop due to increased pressure on weak spots in the colon wall, which eventually balloon outward.
Importantly, diverticulosis is not the same as diverticulitis. The former refers to the presence of diverticula, often without symptoms. The latter refers to when these pouches become inflamed or infected, causing pain and complications.
Why Is It So Common?
The prevalence of diverticulosis increases with age. Here's why:
Age-related weakening of the colon wall makes it more prone to bulging.
Low-fiber diets, especially in Western countries, lead to harder stools and increased straining during bowel movements, which raises pressure in the colon.
Sedentary lifestyles, obesity, and smoking are also contributing factors.
By age 80, up to 70–80% of people have some form of diverticulosis, though many remain completely unaware of it.
Symptoms (Or Lack Thereof)
One of the most curious aspects of diverticulosis is that it usually causes no symptoms at all. It’s often discovered incidentally during a colonoscopy or imaging test for another issue.
However, some people may experience:
Bloating or gas
Mild cramping
Irregular bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea)
When these pouches become inflamed or infected, the condition becomes diverticulitis, which does produce symptoms like:
Sharp abdominal pain (often lower left side)
Fever and chills
Nausea and vomiting
Changes in bowel movements
Rectal bleeding in rare cases
What Causes It?
The exact cause of diverticulosis isn’t fully understood, but key risk factors include:
Low dietary fiber intake: Fiber helps soften stool and prevent constipation, reducing pressure in the colon.
Chronic constipation and straining
Obesity and inactivity
Smoking
Use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen)
Genetics may also play a role.
When It Becomes Serious: Diverticulitis
Roughly 5–15% of people with diverticulosis will develop diverticulitis. This complication can be painful and may require:
Antibiotic therapy
Dietary modifications
Hospitalization in severe cases
Surgery if abscesses, fistulas, or perforation occurs
There’s also a condition called diverticular bleeding, where a blood vessel in a diverticulum bursts, leading to rectal bleeding. Though rare, it can be serious.
Diagnosis
Diverticulosis is often discovered during:
Colonoscopy
CT scans
Barium enema X-ray
Since it's usually asymptomatic, it’s rarely diagnosed without some reason to be looking.
Prevention and Lifestyle Management
You may not be able to prevent diverticulosis entirely, especially as you age, but you can certainly lower your risk or slow its progression with lifestyle changes:
✅ Eat More Fiber
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds promote softer stools and regularity.
✅ Stay Hydrated
Fiber needs water to function properly—hydration is essential for preventing constipation.
✅ Exercise Regularly
Physical activity keeps your digestive system moving and reduces pressure on the colon.
✅ Avoid Smoking
Smoking has been associated with a higher risk of diverticulitis.
✅ Don’t Ignore the Urge
Holding in bowel movements increases pressure in your colon, which can encourage pouch formation.
Do Nuts, Seeds, and Popcorn Cause Problems?
Old advice used to say that people with diverticulosis should avoid nuts, seeds, and popcorn. However, modern research has debunked this myth. These foods are not linked to diverticulitis flare-ups and are often good sources of fiber.
Final Thoughts: Should You Be Worried?
If you’re asymptomatic and your doctor mentions diverticulosis, there’s usually no need for alarm. Most people live their entire lives with the condition and never experience complications.
But it’s wise to treat it as a signal: your colon has some wear and tear, and now’s the time to invest in your gut health—with fiber, water, movement, and mindfulness.
And if you experience unexplained abdominal pain, especially with fever or changes in your bowel habits, don’t ignore it. It could be diverticulitis, and early treatment is key.
🥦 Your Gut Deserves Some Love
The takeaway? While diverticulosis is common and usually harmless, a fiber-rich diet and an active lifestyle are your best bets for keeping your gut strong and silent well into your 80s and beyond.
